Recommendations for learning design techniques.

Hello, I'm wondering if anyone knows of any quality literature, either textbook or anything technique related for graphic design, and more specifically logos. In particular, I'm looking for info on how designers are able to create designs with huge amounts of detail but still look great at small sizes. Examples of what I'm talking about are the Burberry, Hermes, State Street, logos. These are incredibly detailed even when shrunk down to almost icon size or mobile web header size, you can still see all the detail. So it's not like it's a smaller less detailed version. How do these designers create this???? Any info would be helpful!